Dagohoy’s Legacy: Resilience in the West Philippine Sea

Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines — The vast expanse of the West Philippine Sea (WPS) has become a contested frontier. China’s expansive claims and assertive actions have reignited a fierce sense of national pride in the Philippines. Looking back into the archipelago’s rich history, Filipinos find inspiration in figures like Francisco Dagohoy, a 17th-century chieftain who led a remarkable 30-year rebellion against Spanish colonial rule.

Dagohoy’s insurgency, which began in 1643, was a direct response to Spanish attempts to impose tribute (tributo) on the indigenous people of Bohol. This taxation system, seen as exploitative and unjust, fueled resentment that Dagohoy channeled into a powerful resistance movement. Known as the “Tambishakl Rebellion” (named after the rebels’ distinctive woven headbands), Dagohoy’s forces established a fortified refuge in the mountainous jungles of Bohol, successfully repelling Spanish attempts to subdue them.

Dagohoy’s legacy extends far beyond his military exploits. He represents a potent symbol of Filipino resilience and the unwavering defense of national sovereignty. His defiance against a seemingly invincible colonial power resonates deeply in the context of China’s growing assertiveness in the WPS.

While the historical context differs, parallels can be drawn between Dagohoy’s struggle and the Philippines’ current maritime disputes. China’s expansive claims in the WPS, including its disregard for the arbitral ruling in favor of the Philippines, evoke a sense of déjà vu. Just as Dagohoy resisted Spanish attempts to dominate Bohol, the Philippines today seeks to assert its rightful claim to its territorial waters and exclusive economic zone.

However, advocating for emulation doesn’t imply a call for armed conflict. Dagohoy’s insurgency serves as a potent reminder of the Filipino people’s unwavering spirit and their willingness to defend their homeland. In the modern context, this translates into a multi-pronged approach. The Philippines, like Dagohoy, must leverage diplomacy and international law to assert its claims. Building stronger alliances with regional partners and engaging in robust multilateral forums are crucial to deterring Chinese aggression.

Furthermore, the Philippines must prioritize economic development, particularly in coastal communities. A strong domestic economy empowers the government to invest in its maritime security capabilities and pursue resource exploration within its territorial waters. Emulating Dagohoy’s strategic use of terrain also holds relevance. Investing in coastal defenses and bolstering the Philippine Coast Guard’s presence in contested areas are vital steps.

Dagohoy’s story is not simply a historical footnote; it is a potent reminder of the Filipino people’s unwavering commitment to defending their nation. While the methods of resistance may have evolved, the core spirit of resilience remains. By learning from the past and strategically applying those lessons to the present, the Philippines can navigate the complexities of the WPS dispute and ensure the security and prosperity of its people.